Communication Models: Overview and Analysis

Communication Models Overview and abstractDigging deeper into conference rides, the research done by theorist and communion experts a alike has helped the future multiplication to at least have a brief idea of what a converse theoretical peak is. In this era, whereby the world is getting smaller coined the Global Village (Marshall McLuhan) colloquy has risen to new heights repayable to its importance. The understanding of communication would further enhance a mans understanding of how to communicate with efficiency and efficacy. The rise of the cyberspace has also intensifyd how communication works whereby the condition and commonly used type was direct communication (face-to-face) and it changed into communication that was ground more on writing as more and more people are aquiline to the Internet.A communication model would help with discovery of the difference in kinships between the different types of communication and how manipulative variables change efficiency, reach etc. A communication model would also clarify colonial understanding of communication into a more disciplined, order and simple form of communication. Though models of communication has its advantages soon enough because of its simple nature could lead to oversimplifications, such as quoted There is no denying that much of the work in designing communication models illustrates the oft-repeated charge that anything in human affairs which can be modeled is by definition too superficial to be given serious consideration. Duhem (1954) thus a model whitethorn attempt to mirror real life information but in creation it is impossible to truly model real life communication.Therefore, communication models are in general divided into two, elongated model and non-linear model, the former neglecting feed tail end of receivers, external factors etc. The linear model adapted a mathematical approach to communication based on ordinances that are decoded and encoded. The model dictates communication is possible only if two people share the resembling code whereby in this case is the same language. Language is the bridge that connects human thoughts into strings of sound, syllables and words and like any other computer in order to translate it requires the same code system. This means, an example if a person wants to transfer his/her thoughts it would be encoded into language then the message is delivered through a channel that is subsequently on decoded by the receiver/recipient.Thus the introduction to the encode-decode model of communication, the linear model though subversive in communication introduced by Lasswell and later on enhanced by Shannon-Weaver model (Shannon, 1948) including noise into the communication. The primary(prenominal) defect of these models are that it is linear and robotic, dictating that communication hasa beginning and coating while in reality communication does not have such limited peculiar(prenominal)ations under communication. Linear models do not generally take into account how humans record nubsthe encode-decode model assumes that meaning is objective and can be captured in a fixed correspondence between aspects of the world and some system of represendation (Lund and Waterworth) Thus, Schramm introduced the circular model that acknowledges communication is not linear and that emphasizes the circular nature of human communication, in which the roles of source/encoder and receiver/ decoder interchange. In furtherance of analysis, the sample used is the round/Interactive Model of Osgood and Schramm.Wilbur Schramm and Osgood introduced the rotund Model, 1954 were one of the send-off to alter the mathematical model of Shannon and Weaver. The reason behind Schramm coming up with the circular model was to outgo the limitations of linear models. In fact, it is misleading to think of the communication process as starting somewhere and ending somewhere. It is really endless. We are little switchboard cente rs handling and rerouting the great endless current of information.(Schramm W. (1954) quoted in McQuail Windahl (1981). whole communication process starts with a person that has a thought or information to pass on to other people. In the interactive model, that thought would first go through an element called the encoder, which will change our thought into codes. Encoding is actually an act of translating specific thoughts into codes (message) that is then transferred to another person, which will decode the codes (message), and interpret the meaning. The second part of the communication, is the feedback/response of the person to the particular code (message) that goes through the process of encoding, and then delivered back to the original sender.The difference here is that the circular model acknowledges the circular nature of human communication that is endless. An sweetener of previous linear models whereby the sender and receiver vice versa changes role depending on the commun ication. This helps improve the understanding of communication between two people rather then a one way linear model that does not represent the nature of communication in real life.The Circular Model is a projectile model that shows how a situation can change and that communication is not generally one sided. The Circular Model also raises the importance of redundancy and that it is an essential part of communication, due to the fact that communication moves in a circular manner. Another advantage of the model is that it does not separate between sender and receiver, two sender and receiver is the same person. A more active communication models rather then the linear model that assumes passive receivers. The Circular Model emphasizes on the feedback feature to be central of the communication model, where models in the first place bolt outed to hold in.The Circular model is not free from defects one being the about highly criticized is that it does not incorporate the noise fe ature included in Shannon-Weaver model (Shannon, 1948). preventive is anything that influences effective communication and the interpretation of the code (message). hitch may have profound effects on interpretation of communication but is usually overlooked.Noise can be divided into triplet categories, which are Semantic Noise, Psychological Noise (internal noise) and sensible Noise (external noise). Understanding noise is essential in improving further the communication models.External Noise is anything outside the person that may distract the efficiency of communication, such as sight, sound, smell, and environment such as crowded environment. Whiles Internal Noise is anything that influences thoughts, feelings during communication such as hunger, headaches and fatigue. The final one is Semantic Noise which encoding errors by the sender which is not understood by the receiver such as literature in articles by the use of jargons or unnecessary technical language.Application of the circular model would most probably mirror communication limited to only 2 people. The Circular model is limited to that specific use since it fails to incorporate context and the surrounding nature and growth development of the individual.Room for improvement of the Circular Model (1954) has been made through the Helical Model (1967) attempting to show that the growth of communication is forever evolving and limitless. The tip of its growth depending on the development of the individual throughout his life and including individual factors such as environment, stinting and relations change over time. As communication moves forward so does the form of such communication, and then it is a need to take into account of the different for such as the epidemic growth of accessible media changing the communication as there is more reliance of the things said rather then the non-verbal messages sent in the past with direct communication.Based on extended reading, improvements of the C ircular model taking into account present communication settings.Macintosh HDUserssyafeeqzDesktopCollegeCOmmTemplatechart.jpgBased on the Communication Model above, it clearly looks resembling to the Circular model. The difference is the enhancement of noise in the middle section of the model. Message is changed into distortion to pretend that noise plays a part in the message sent thus naming it distortion. What this model represents is a more suitable approach to real life communication, as it incorporates the underlying factors of aim, perception, relationship and the context of communication while acknowledging all three types of noise.First of all, intention of the communication does have significance as if the intention was transactional it is specifically goal-oriented thus would affect interaction to achieve such goals. On the other hand, if the intention were of enculturation purposes and demonstrating social intimacy with the receiver/counter-initiator thus the distorti on (message) would be interpreted differently. As an example, the differences of response to sellers as compared to friends and family. The attention span/level is also based on such intentions. Intentions can also recognise as inference. Inference in this sense means humans communicate far more meaning than they ever encode linguistically. A perfect example is the use of the word Its gone, the ambiguity of linguistics fail to define the complete meaning of intention in language and the interpretation is inferred by the receiver/counter-initiator.Next, the relationship between initiator and receiver also governs the communication model such as symmetric force play relationship between to friends, both with equal rights to speak as compare to a asymmetrical former relationship between and employee and employer would change the distortion (message) taking into measure the authority of the employer. Furthermore, the context is a cabal of both the intention and relationship mixed wi th the location, time and noise during the communication thus turns into a major(ip) influence as how distortion (message) is received and the response given. An example to display such context, is the comparison of initiators/ beat up distortion (message) during at work with a colleague compared too the distortion at home with a family member, while in both cases explaining the accident that took place while on the way to work. The context changes so much that the variables are limitless, while at the office the explanation of such event may be more dramatized and exaggerated since it just happened, and also the fact that the receiver/counter-initiator is a colleague while at home the explanation of the same event would be shorter due to the redundancy, fear of the family members response and so fourth.The atomic signed used was to signify the limitless boundaries of such context and the different combinations that may occur unite with the different types of noise that play a subt le role in influencing communication. The model incorporates all three types of noise that is semantic, external and internal. What differs from other models is it also features other major factors such as perception outwards toward the each other and perception inward of oneself. Example, if we perceive of what we are listening too in the piano tuner is false thus the whether it is true we tend to ignore the distortion (message) this is called selective perception.Schramms model though out-of-date and has been improved with numerous other models it remains to be the cornerstone of communication models, with the model centered on the theory of feedback. Schramms model is of use in todays social media lifestyle since social media relies mainly on the two-way circular nature of communication.